2025, Vol. 6, Issue 2, Part C
Levulinic Acid as a Platform Molecule for Green Chemistry: Advances in Pathways and Sustainable Applications – A Comprehensive Review
Author(s): Sateesh Kumar Beepala, Srividhya Maripi and Muripinti Balakrishna
Abstract: Levulinic acid (LA) has become a versatile platform molecule produced from biomass that can generate a wide range of sustainable materials and value-added compounds. Recent developments (2018–2025) in the production of LA from lignocellulosic biomass, catalytic and non-catalytic upgrading pathways (such as esterification, hydrogenation to γ-valerolactone (GVL), hydrogenolysis to 1,4-pentanediol, and amination routes), and applications in fuels, solvents, polymer building blocks, and agrochemicals are summarized in this review. We assess improvements in reactors and catalysts that enhance LA yields and selectivity, energy and lifespan factors pertinent to green chemistry, and obstacles related to scale-up and techno-economics. In order to make LA-based value chains competitive with fossil benchmarks, we finally highlight knowledge gaps and suggest research initiatives that emphasize integrated biorefinery ideas, non-noble metal catalysis, and process intensification.
DOI: 10.22271/reschem.2025.v6.i2c.232
Pages: 226-231 | Views: 323 | Downloads: 211
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How to cite this article:
Sateesh Kumar Beepala, Srividhya Maripi, Muripinti Balakrishna. Levulinic Acid as a Platform Molecule for Green Chemistry: Advances in Pathways and Sustainable Applications – A Comprehensive Review. J Res Chem 2025;6(2):226-231. DOI: 10.22271/reschem.2025.v6.i2c.232
